The selection of an accumulator directly affects the stability of liquid supply and operational energy efficiency of the refrigeration system. Improper selection can lead to refrigerant retention, increased energy consumption, compressor liquid hammer, and other problems; Standardized daily maintenance can extend the service life of equipment and avoid safety hazards. The following are the key points for precise selection and full process maintenance techniques of liquid reservoirs.
Key selection points:
1. Matching system type: For high-pressure systems (after condenser), priority should be given to high-pressure liquid reservoirs, while for low-pressure systems (after evaporator), low-pressure liquid reservoirs should be selected. Mixing is not allowed to avoid damage to low-pressure equipment caused by high pressure.
2. Determine volume parameters: Volume is the core indicator for selection and needs to be determined based on the total refrigerant charge of the system. Under normal circumstances, the volume of the accumulator should be ≥ 20% -30% of the total refrigerant charge of the system; Variable load systems (such as cold chain logistics and large cold storage) need to be expanded to 30% -50% to ensure stable liquid supply even during load fluctuations.
3. Adaptation parameters: The design pressure and temperature should match the maximum working pressure and temperature of the system. For example, for high-pressure refrigerant systems such as R32 and R290, an accumulator with a design pressure of ≥ 2.5MPa should be selected; Low temperature refrigeration systems (below -25 ℃) should be made of low-temperature specialized materials to avoid material embrittlement.
4. Material selection: Choose carbon steel material for ordinary working conditions (temperature 0 ℃ -50 ℃, no corrosive medium), which has lower cost; Choose stainless steel material for corrosion conditions (chemical refrigeration, seawater cooling) to enhance corrosion resistance; Select titanium alloy material for high temperature conditions (≥ 100 ℃) to ensure high temperature stability.
Daily maintenance and troubleshooting:
1. Regular inspection: Check the liquid level of the sight glass every week to ensure it is within the range of 30% -80%. Adjust the refrigerant charging amount in a timely manner when the liquid level is abnormal; Check the pressure gauge reading and confirm that the pressure is stable within the design range, without overpressure or leakage.
2. Regular sewage discharge: discharge accumulated water and impurities in the tank through the sewage outlet every month to avoid impurities blocking the pipeline and contaminating the refrigerant; Check the sensitivity of the safety valve quarterly to ensure normal pressure relief in case of overpressure.
3. Common faults and solutions: If the liquid level is too high, it is often due to excessive refrigerant charging or low system load, and excess refrigerant needs to be discharged or the system load needs to be adjusted; If the liquid level is too low, it is often due to refrigerant leakage or insufficient charging. It is necessary to investigate the leakage point and replenish the refrigerant; Abnormal noise inside the tank is often caused by severe gas-liquid mixing or impurities hitting the shell. It is necessary to check whether the inlet pipeline is unobstructed and promptly discharge and clean it.